New Alpha-Defensin -3 and -5 Antimicrobial Peptides available from Peptides International

New Alpha-Defensin-3 and -5 Synthetic Peptides
Available from Peptides International

Defensin peptides are effective against a wide spectrum of microbes including bacteria, viruses, fungi, spirochetes and mycobacteria. To date, six human alpha-defensins have been classified into two sub-groups, the human neutrophil peptides (HNP) (HNP-1 to HNP-4) and the human defensins (HD), HD-5 and HD-6, which are antimicrobial peptides predominantly expressed in Paneth cells of the ileum. Two new members of the alpha-defensin family, alpha-defensin-3 (HNP-3) (PDF-4416-s) and alpha-defensin-5 (HD-5) (PDF-4415-s), in addition to alpha-defensin-1 (HNP-1) (PDF- 4271-s), are now available to the antimicrobial research community as high purity, synthetic research tools.

HNP-3: HNP-1 to HNP-3 are the major components of large amounts of azophilic granules of human neutrophils and are released upon neutrophil activation (1,2). The primary structures of HNP-1 to HNP-3 differ by only one amino acid residue at position 1. HNP-2 corresponds to positions 2 through 30 of HNP-1 ([Des-Ala¹]-HNP-1) while HNP-3 is [Asp¹]-HNP-1. Recent reports using HNP include: i) that HNP-1 to HNP-3 are secreted upon stimulation of CD8 cells from non-progressors of HIV-1 infection, thus, these three peptides may show anti-HIV-1 activity (3); ii) that HNP-1 to HNP-3 are overexpressed in squamous cell carcinomas of the human tongue, representing a possible role in innate host defense against tumor invasion (4); and iii) while expression of HNP-1 to HNP-3 is not upregulated by lipopolysaccharide (5), they locate in intestinal epithelial cells in cases of inflammatory bowel disease (6).

HD-5: HD-5 is expressed in Paneth cells in intestinal epithelium, thus, falls into a distinct subclass of human  alpha-defensin (7,8). In transgenic mouse models, it was confirmed that HD-5 expression was specific to Paneth cells and resulted in resistance to bacterial challenge (9). In patients with HIV-related cryptosporidiosis, HD-5 immunoreactivity was reduced in association with Paneth cell granule depletion (10). In inflammatory bowel disease, HD-5 was expressed in metaplastic Paneth cells in the colon (6). Based on these findings, HD-5 could be an essential factor in the defense against intestinal inflammation. HNP-3 and HD-5, as well as HNP-1, should be valuable tools to clarify the function and mechanism of innate immunity in human beings.

For further information about our antimicrobial products, please visit our defensins web page or contact our technical specialists today.

Defensin Review Articles
R.I. Lehrer and T. Ganz, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 797, 282 (1996). (Review)
M. Zasloff, Nature, 415, 389 (2002). (Review) here

New Peptides

Product Information
CODE	Alpha-Defensin Peptides	QTY	USD
PDF-4271-s	a-Defensin-1 (Human) Alpha-Defensin-1 (Human) HNP-1 (Human Neutrophil Peptide-1) Ala-Cys-Tyr-Cys-Arg-Ile-Pro-Ala-Cys-Ile-Ala-Gly-Glu-Arg-Arg-Tyr-Gly-Thr-Cys-Ile-Tyr-Gln-Gly-Arg-Leu-Trp-Ala-Phe-Cys-Cys (Disulfide bonds: Cys²-Cys³⁰, Cys⁴-Cys¹⁹ and Cys⁹-Cys²⁹) M.W. 3442.1 C₁₅₀H₂₂₂N₄₄O₃₈S₆ Antimicrobial Peptide / Chemoattractant for Monocyte T. Ganz et al. J. Clin. Invest., 76, 1427 (1985). M.E. Selsted et al. J. Clin. Invest., 76, 1436 (1985). (Original; Isolation)	0.1 mg vial	212
PDF-4416-s NEW!	a-Defensin-3 (Human) Alpha-Defensin-3 (Human) HNP-3 (Human Neutrophil Peptide-3) Asp-Cys-Tyr-Cys-Arg-Ile-Pro-Ala-Cys-Ile-Ala-Gly-Glu-Arg-Arg-Tyr-Gly-Thr-Cys-Ile-Tyr-Gln-Gly-Arg-Leu-Trp-Ala-Phe-Cys-Cys (Disulfide bonds between Cys²-Cys³⁰, Cys⁴-Cys¹⁹, and Cys⁹-Cys²⁹) (M.W. 3486.0) C₁₅₁H₂₂₂N₄₄O₄₀S₆ Antimicrobial Peptide T. Ganz, M.E. Selsted, D. Szklarek, S.S.L. Harwig, K. Daher, D.F. Bainton, and R.I. Lehrer, J. Clin. Invest., 76, 1427 (1985). (Original; Isolation) M.E. Selsted, S.S.L. Harwig, T. Ganz, J.W. Schilling, and R.I. Lehrer, J. Clin. Invest., 76, 1436 (1985). (Original; Structure) L. Zhang, W. Yu, T. He, J. Yu, R.E. Caffrey, E.A. Dalmasso, S. Fu, T. Pham, J. Mei, J.J. Ho, W. Zhang, P. Lopez, and D.D. Ho, Science, 298, 995 (2002). (Pharmacol.; Anti-HIV-1 Activity)	0.1 mg vial	212
PDF-4415-s NEW!	a-Defensin-5 (Human) Alpha-Defensin-5 (Human) Human Defensin-5 (HD-5) Ala-Thr-Cys-Tyr-Cys-Arg-Thr-Gly-Arg-Cys-Ala-Thr-Arg-Glu-Ser-Leu-Ser-Gly-Val-Cys-Glu-Ile-Ser-Gly-Arg-Leu-Tyr-Arg-Leu-Cys-Cys-Arg (Disulfide bonds between Cys³-Cys³¹, Cys⁵-Cys²⁰, and Cys¹⁰-Cys³⁰) (M.W. 3582.1) C₁₄₄H₂₃₈N₅₀O₄₅S₆ Antimicrobial Peptide in Paneth Cells D.E. Jones and C.L. Bevins, J. Biol. Chem., 267, 23216 (1992). (Original) E. Martin Porter, M.A. Poles, J.S. Lee, J. Naitoh, C.L. Bevins, amd T. Ganz, FEBS Lett., 434, 272 (1998). (Endogenous Form) N.H. Salzman, D. Ghosh, K.M. Huttner, Y. Paterson, and C.L. Bevins, Nature, 422, 522 (2003). (Pharmacol.)	0.1 mg vial	232
Article references
1) T. Ganz, M.E. Selsted, D. Szklarek, S.S.L. Harwig, K. Daher, D.F. Bainton, and R.I. Lehrer, J. Clin. Invest., 76, 1427 (1985). (Original; Isolation of HNP 1-3) 2) M.E. Selsted, S.S.L. Harwig, T. Ganz, J.W. Schilling, and R.I. Lehrer, J. Clin. Invest., 76, 1436 (1985). (Original; Structure of HNP 1-3) 3) L. Zhang, W. Yu, T. He, J. Yu, R.E. Caffrey, E.A. Dalmasso, S. Fu, T. Pham, J. Mei, J.J. Ho, W. Zhang, P. Lopez, and D.D. Ho, Science, 298, 995 (2002). (Pharmacol.; Anti-HIV-1 Activity) 4) F.T. Lundy, D.F. Orr, J.R. Gallagher, P. Maxwell, C. Shaw, S.S. Napier, C.G. Cowan, P.-J. Lamey, and J.J. Marley, Oral Oncol., 40, 139 (2004). (Pharmacol.; Role in Tumor Invasion) 5) X.-M. Fang, Q. Shu, Q.-X. Chen, M. Book, H.-G. Sahl, A. Hoeft, and F. Stuber, Eur. J. Clin. Invest., 33, 82 (2003). (Histochem.; Regulation of Expression) 6) R.N. Cunliffe, Mol. Immunol., 40, 463 (2003). (Histochem.;alpha-Defensin in Gastrointestinal Tract) 7) D.E. Jones and C.L. Bevins, J. Biol. Chem., 267, 23216 (1992). (Original; Human Defensin-5) 8) E.M. Porter, M.A. Poles, J.S. Lee, J. Naitoh, C.L. Bevins, amd T. Ganz, FEBS Lett., 434, 272 (1998). (Pharmacol.; Endogenous Form) 9) N.H. Salzman, D. Ghosh, K.M. Huttner, Y. Paterson, and C.L. Bevins, Nature, 422, 522 (2003). (Pharmacol.) 10) P. Kelly, R. Feakins, P. Domizio, J. Murphy, C. Bevins, J. Wilson, G. Mcphail, R. Poulsom, and W. Dhaliwal, Clin. Exp. Immunol., 135, 303 (2004). (Histochem.; Location in AIDS Patients)
Order Information
Please contact Peptides International for ordering information. Please contact our technical sales specialists to discuss your project needs. Peptides International, Inc. PO Box 24658 Louisville, Kentucky 40224 USA Phone: 502-266-8787 or 800-777-4779 Fax: 502-267-1FAX (1329) Email: peptides@pepnet.com
HOME \| Back to Defensins Page \|Back to Products \| E-mail